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Latest news, sport, business, comment, analysis and reviews from the Guardian, the world's leading liberal voice

Arsenal chose well when they sent Ethan Nwaneri on loan to Marseille

William Saliba became a leader during his time in France. Arsenal are hoping the same happens to Nwaneri

By Get French Football News

When William Saliba joined Marseille on loan in 2021, it was unclear whether he had a future at Arsenal. Having moved to England after a prodigious rise at Saint-Étienne, the young defender was sent back to France for loan spells at Saint-Étienne and Nice but he still could not force his way into Mikel Arteta’s plans.

At the start of his loan spell at Marseille, Arteta said there was “space for him at Arsenal” but that it would “depend on the future of other players”. When he returned to London in the summer of 2022, it became quickly evident that other players would have to move aside for him; his presence in the Premier League team of the year for the last three seasons is proof of that.

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‘I didn’t know how to shoot’: how African men have been tricked into fighting for Russia

Exclusive: Lured by false job adverts, they are unknowingly enlisted on arrival and put in mortal danger

Stephen Oduor was looking forward to starting his new job as a plumber in Russia to support his family after months of unemployment. But soon after landing in St Petersburg from Nairobi with six other Kenyans one afternoon last August, he started feeling something was off.

The man who received them at the airport drove them to a house where their luggage was taken away and they were given black clothes and shoes to wear. Afterwards, they were taken to a police station where they were fingerprinted and forced to sign documents written in Russian, a language they did not understand.

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‘We get a lot of requests for it be used in sex scenes’: how Goldfrapp made Ooh La La

‘I couldn’t think of a line for the chorus – but we had just been to France. I got Baudelaire into the lyrics somewhere, too’

This song was an ode to glam rock. My older sister was really into Marc Bolan and her passion for him and his sound really rubbed off on me. I love the vocal effects and drum sounds on those old records.

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Hundreds feared dead in attempt to cross Mediterranean during cyclone

Fifty killed in one incident as Italian authorities estimate 380 people may have drowned last week

Up to 380 people may have drowned attempting to cross the Mediterranean last week as Cyclone Harry battered southern Italy and Malta, the Italian coastguard has said, as a shipwreck with the loss of 50 lives was confirmed by Maltese authorities.

Just one person, who was hospitalised in Malta, survived the shipwreck, which happened on Friday.

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Ruud makes timely exit from Australian Open as Shelton storms into last eight

  • Norwegian’s wife is heavily pregnant with their first child

  • Twelfth seed had faced nervy wait with due date nearing

Casper Ruud suffered a frustrating 3-6, 6-4, 6-3, 6-4 defeat to Ben Shelton in the fourth round of the Australian Open on Monday night, but the silver lining of the three-time grand slam finalist’s loss is that he will finally be able to return home.

Ruud, the 12th seed, has had one eye on events back home during his time in Melbourne owing to the fact that his wife, Maria, is heavily pregnant with their first child and is due to give birth this weekend. Ruud had repeatedly stated that he would withdraw and immediately begin the long journey home if she went into labour during the tournament.

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kottke.org

Jason Kottke's weblog, home of fine hypertext products

Thomas Zimmer on the stakes of Minnesota’s struggle against tyranny. “A society...

Thomas Zimmer on the stakes of Minnesota’s struggle against tyranny. “A society that has any aspiration to be free and democratic cannot — it must not! — tolerate the existence of an agency like ICE.”

ICE/DHS has killed nine people in 2026 (that we know of): Keith...

ICE/DHS has killed nine people in 2026 (that we know of): Keith Porter, Parady La, Heber Sanchaz Domínguez, Victor Manuel Diaz, Luis Beltran Yanez-Cruz, Luis Gustavo Nunez Caceres, and Geraldo Lunas Campos, Alex Pretti, and Renee Good.

Rijksoverheid.nl - Nieuwsberichten

Nieuwsberichten op Rijksoverheid.nl

Vogelgriep vastgesteld in Alphen aan den Rijn

In Alphen aan den Rijn (provincie Zuid-Holland) is vogelgriep vastgesteld op een kinderboerderij met 73 vogels. Om verspreiding van het virus te voorkomen, worden de besmette vogels op de locatie geruimd door de Nederlandse Voedsel- en Warenautoriteit (NVWA).

Wel.nl

Minder lezen, Meer weten.

Wall Street begint hoger aan belangrijke Fed-week

NEW YORK (ANP) - De aandelenbeurzen in New York zijn maandag hoger begonnen. Beleggers deden het wel rustig aan en letten vooral op de Federal Reserve. De centrale bank begint dinsdag aan zijn tweedaagse rentevergadering. Het is de eerste vergadering dit jaar. Algemeen wordt verwacht dat de Fed de leenkosten in de grootste economie ter wereld onveranderd zal laten. Dat besluit zal naar verwachting leiden tot kritiek van president Donald Trump, die juist lagere rentetarieven wil voor Amerikanen.

Eerder deze maand laaiden de zorgen over de onafhankelijkheid van de Fed opnieuw op. Dat kwam doordat het ministerie van Justitie Fed-voorzitter Jerome Powell dagvaardde vanwege de renovatiekosten van het hoofdkantoor van de Fed. Volgens Powell wil de regering-Trump echter druk uitoefenen op de centrale bank om de rente te verlagen.

De Dow-Jonesindex stond kort na opening 0,3 procent hoger op 49.240 punten. De S&P 500-index klom 0,3 procent tot 6935 punten en techbeurs Nasdaq won 0,1 procent op 23.535 punten.

Importheffingen Canada

Trump dreigde afgelopen weekend ook Canada importheffingen van 100 procent op te leggen als het buurland een handelsakkoord met China sluit, wat de handelsspanningen verder deed oplopen.

Luchtvaartmaatschappijen als American Airlines gingen licht omlaag. In de VS zijn de afgelopen dagen duizenden vluchten geschrapt door het extreme winterweer in het land.

Techbedrijven komen met resultaten

Intel zakte 3,6 procent. De chipfabrikant kelderde vrijdag al 17 procent na tegenvallende vooruitzichten voor het huidige kwartaal.

Het cijferseizoen op Wall Street gaat deze week in volle vaart door. Zo komen de grote techbedrijven Apple, Microsoft, Meta Platforms en Tesla met resultaten. Beleggers zijn vooral benieuwd of de grote AI-investeringen van deze bedrijven resultaten beginnen op te leveren.

Goud en zilver bereikten nieuwe recordniveaus

Goud en zilver, die in onzekere tijden als veilige beleggingen worden gezien, bereikten nieuwe recordniveaus. Goud kostte voor het eerst meer dan 5000 dollar en tikte op ruim 5110 dollar per troy ounce (31,1 gram) een nieuw record aan. Zilver steeg vrijdag al voor het eerst tot boven de 100 dollar en bereikte een nieuw record op meer dan 110 dollar.

Amerikaanse goudmijnbedrijven als Gold Fields en Harmony Gold stegen tot 5,5 procent. USA Rare Earth werd liefst 21,5 procent meer waard. De Amerikaanse overheid neemt naar verluidt een belang van 10 procent in het mijnbouwbedrijf als onderdeel van een investeringspakket van 1,6 miljard dollar.


KLM hervat vluchten naar Saudi-Arabië

SCHIPHOL (ANP) - KLM hervat dinsdag het vliegverkeer naar de Saudische steden Dammam en Riyadh. De luchtvaartmaatschappij annuleerde dit weekend veel vluchten naar steden in het Midden-Oosten. Vanwege de "geopolitieke situatie" besloten KLM en andere maatschappijen het luchtruim te mijden.

Vluchten van en naar Tel Aviv en Dubai gaan nog niet door. KLM zegt de mogelijkheden om het vliegverkeer naar die steden weer te hervatten te onderzoeken. "We houden de situatie nauwgezet in de gaten", aldus de luchtvaartmaatschappij.

Het omboeken van de geannuleerde reizen bleek dit weekend moeilijk voor KLM. Er was een algeheel tekort aan vluchten omdat andere luchtvaartmaatschappijen ook niet naar het gebied vlogen.

Winterweer VS

KLM zegt nu alle vluchten te hebben omgeboekt en betaalt mensen die besluiten toch niet te vliegen de kosten voor de oorspronkelijke vlucht terug. Vanuit de steden waarop KLM nog steeds niet vliegt, worden passagiersvluchten van andere maatschappijen aangeboden.

Het vliegverkeer ondervond dit weekend niet alleen hinder in het Midden-Oosten. Door extreem winterweer in de Verenigde Staten werden ook veel vluchten geschrapt. Ook die passagiers zijn allemaal omgeboekt.


Trump stuurt 'grenstsaar' naar Minnesota rond protesten tegen ICE

WASHINGTON (ANP) - De Amerikaanse president Donald Trump stuurt zijn zogenoemde "grenstsaar" Tom Homan naar Minnesota. Homan is verantwoordelijk voor grensbewaking en de uitzetting van immigranten. Trump schrijft op zijn Truth Social dat hij hem maandagavond naar de staat stuurt. "Tom is streng doch rechtvaardig en zal rechtstreeks aan mij rapporteren."

Het is al weken onrustig in Minnesota vanwege de massale aanwezigheid van federale agenten die door Trump naar de staat zijn gestuurd om illegale migranten op te sporen. De spanning steeg verder na twee dodelijke incidenten in Minneapolis, waarbij Amerikaanse staatsburgers werden doodgeschoten door federale agenten van ICE en de grenspolitie.

Witte Huis-woordvoerder Karoline Leavitt meldt aan CNN dat Homan "de ICE-operaties ter plaatse" zal leiden en gaat werken aan lopende fraudeonderzoeken. De regering voerde een groot onderzoek naar fraude met overheidsuitkeringen aan als belangrijkste reden om een strenger immigratiebeleid in de staat te lanceren.


The Moscow Times - Independent News From Russia

The Moscow Times offers everything you need to know about Russia: Breaking news, top stories, business, analysis, opinion, multimedia

Council of Europe Assembly Approves Candidates for Russian Anti-War Platform

The initiative is intended to give members of the exiled opposition a formal channel to engage with lawmakers from the council’s 46 member states.

Als het aan mevrouw Karaca ligt, gaat niemand zonder diploma de deur uit

Veel mbo-studenten stoppen voortijdig met hun studie. Vaak gaat daar een periode van verzuim aan vooraf. Wat doet ROC Albeda in Rotterdam om dit te voorkomen? „Geen uitstel, ga leren.”


Lichaam Ran Gvili, de laatste Israëlische gijzelaar in Gaza, is na ruim twee jaar terecht

Het lichaam van de laatste Israëlische gijzelaar in Gaza is teruggevonden, meldt het Israëlische leger maandagmiddag.

Marktmacht van sommige bedrijven wordt te groot, stelt waakhond ACM, met gevolgen voor de burger

Dierenartsen, kraamzorg en kinderopvang: markttoezichthouder ACM trekt aan de bel wegens een gebrek aan concurrentie in onder meer deze sectoren. Enkele partijen, zoals private-equitybedrijven, krijgen te veel macht, wat ten koste gaat van het publieke belang, waarschuwt de waakhond voor de markt.

Nederland weer van ons. Rookworst van de HEMA weer rookworst van de HEMA

... ook worst maar dan volgens traditioneel recept! Nederland is TERUG. 's Lands beroemdste rookworstenfabriek, naast het bedrijf van Kim Holland dan, kiest weer voor de TRADITIONELE RECEPTUUR. De HEMA dacht immers te kunnen sleutelen aan de smaak van de kromme bruine geluksvogeltjes, maar dat was buiten tout culinair Nederland gerekend. Alsof wij niet doorhebben dat we worden afgescheept met een NEPWORST die we net zo goed in onze KONT kunnen stoppen. Volgens de HEMA is de rookworst gelukkig weer 'net zo rokerig, knapperig en sappig als vroeger'. Vroeger, bekend van de tijd dat ze niet met zo'n vegan eikel aan het zooien waren. Shit hee. We hebben zin in een rokerige, knapperige en sappige worst. Echt HEMA.

Social

Hebben ze in Paraguay eigenlijk ook rookworsten van de HEMA

Island of the Gods

DirtyGlassEye has added a photo to the pool:

Island of the Gods

I spent quite a long among of time shooting during high tide you can see how different the sky is from my sunset silhouette shot while most of the conditions are the same as it was then (I wonder what the time tags say exactly).
The haze was extreme all day long and that was something I would have to put up with in editing cause how could you go to Miyajima and NOT shoot this?
This was from the other side of the bay, and you can see Hatsukaichi in this frame, the ferries going to and from.
I actually had to do a last minute revision last night because my layering job left a bit of a halo around the torii gate, hoping to atone for the fact I simply couldn't get rid of the one on my SDSU shot, I did a rebrush and successfully got rid of it. I think this was the moment on this vacation where I remembered I had ND filters, up until now I completely forgot they were there and I had to counter the additional brightness brought by the haze somehow. What's even more bizarre is they didn't fit on my zoom lens (what I was using at this moment), so I literally held it in front of my lens as the shutter was open and prayed to God the edge of the filter and my fingers did not show up in the frame, fortunately, they did not.

Rijnmond - Nieuws

Het laatste nieuws van vandaag over Rotterdam, Feyenoord, het verkeer en het weer in de regio Rijnmond

Fysiotherapeut Jamie (29) woont uit nood in een container: 'Ik stond met tranen in mijn ogen'

Fysiotherapeut Jamie de Kort woont sinds anderhalf jaar in een containerwoning in Numansdorp. In de aankomende twee jaar wil de gemeente nog 700 van zulke flexwoningen bouwen in de Hoeksche Waard. Hoe is het om in zo'n huis te wonen? "Je moet ieder hoekje benutten."

VK: Voorpagina

Volkskrant.nl biedt het laatste nieuws, opinie en achtergronden

Rechtbank stemt in met procesafspraken Faissal T.: 6 jaar celstraf

Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow

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Pluralistic: Trump and the unmighty dollar (26 Jan 2026)


Today's links

  • Trump and the unmighty dollar: "Flipping the table over in a poker game rigged in your favor because you resent having to pretend to play the game at all."
  • Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
  • Object permanence: H2G2 v BBC; Anti-capitalist bank rave; Narrative and magic; It's still censorship; Boss politics antitrust; Game library; Gamers 6-65; Google Cache; "Probiotics" aren't; "Starve"; Uptown Funk mashup; Not a crime if we do it with an app; Gibson on Stuxnet; Gates sells Tank Man pic to China; Paul Allen's yacht destroys a reef; Mass surveillance in Anaheim.
  • Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
  • Recent appearances: Where I've been.
  • Latest books: You keep readin' em, I'll keep writin' 'em.
  • Upcoming books: Like I said, I'll keep writin' 'em.
  • Colophon: All the rest.



A detail from a US $100 bill. The bill has been tinted orange. Ben Franklin's face has been replaced with an indistinct blur surmounted by Trump's hair. The lettering in the scrollwork beneath the portrait reads 'TRUMP.' The '100's have been turned into '000's. The writing 'ONE HUNDRED' now reads 'NONE HUNDRED.' The series issue has been changed to '47.' The Secretary of the Treasury's signature has been replaced with Trump's.

Trump and the unmighty dollar (permalink)

The best summary of Trump's trade "philosophy" comes from Trashfuture's November Kelly, who said that Trump is flipping over the table in a poker game that's rigged in his favor because he resents having to pretend to play the game at all.

After all, the global system of trade was designed and enforced by American officials, especially the US Trade Representative. The US created a world whose most important commodities (food, oil, etc) were priced in dollars, meaning that anyone who wanted to buy these things from any country would first have to get US dollars, which they could only get by shipping their valuable stuff to the US, which sends them dollars in return.

Think about this trade for a minute: to get US dollars, people outside of the US would have to dig up or chop down or manufacture real things that were in finite supply. Meanwhile, to get the US dollars to pay for these real, finite things, the US just had to type zeros into a spreadsheet at the Federal Reserve:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54fg-A1gCrM

The technical term political scientists use for this arrangement is "fucking sweet."

Two of my favorite political scientists are Henry Farrell and Dan Davies, whose new paper, "The US dollar system as a source of international disorder," was just published by The British Academy as part of its "Global (Dis)Order international policy programme":

https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/documents/6018/Global_DisOrder_-_The_US_Dollar_System_as_a_Source_of_International_Disorder.pdf

Farrell and Davies explore the history of the weaponization of "dollar centrality" (their term for the arrangement where the whole world agreed to treat the dollar as a neutral trade instrument), and show how Trump's incontinent belligerence fits into it, and lay out some shrewd possibilities for where this could all end up.

Farrell is one of the leading experts on how these boring, invisible, complex systems of financial settlement, fiber optic connections and other plumbing of the post-war era have been increasingly weaponized by successive US administrations. In 2023, he and Abraham Newman published The Underground Empire, an excellent book on the subject (really, the definitive book on the subject):

https://pluralistic.net/2023/10/10/weaponized-interdependence/#the-other-swifties

Davies, meanwhile, is a brilliant scholar (and explainer) of complex systems. Last year, he published The Unaccountability Machine, about the way that the feedback mechanisms in the systems that keep the world running are badly broken, leading to much of our modern dysfunction:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Unaccountability_Machine

Their paper represents a fusion of both of their approaches, and makes for fascinating reading. They start by characterizing the post-war global system as broadly "homeostatic," meaning that it can maintain stability in the face of shocks. Homeostasis requires a feedback mechanism so that it can constantly adjust itself – think of your home thermostat, which needs a thermometer so it can figure out when to run your furnace/air conditioner and when to stop.

Political scientists have identified many of these feedback systems. For example, KN Waltz describes how, when one "great power" starts to dominate the world, the weaker states in its orbit will switch their alliances to rival powers, in order to "balance" power between the big beasts. Smaller, poorer, and/or weaker countries that have looked to the US for trade and military alliances might switch to China if it looks like the US is getting too powerful – not necessarily because China offers a better deal than the US, but because a decisive global victory by the US would give it the power to squeeze these countries, because they'd have nowhere else to go.

Waltz's work is especially relevant this month, with Canada inking a Chinese trade deal and Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney publicly declaring a "rupture" with the US-dominated order:

https://www.programmablemutter.com/p/davos-is-a-rational-ritual

When great powers ignore the feedback of these systems, the result is a collapse in global homeostasis, and radical shifts in the global order. Farrell and Davies argue that this is what's happening with the weaponization of the dollar, which has prompted many countries to take action that should have caused the US to back off, but which the US has ignored as it doubled down on the weaponized dollar:

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-10-20/ethiopia-in-talks-with-china-to-convert-dollar-loans-into-yuan

Even when the US has a "rational" case for weaponizing the dollar – for example, by forcing the world to join in a global financial surveillance project aimed at stemming financing for terrorism – it runs the risk of making things worse. If the US's anti-terror financial demands are so onerous that they provoke other countries into setting up multiple, independent, fragmented global financial schemes, then terrorists and their backers will have their pick of ways to move money around.

Even where the US has had limited success with financial sanctions (by isolating North Korea, or by targeting specific individuals rather than countries), it has undermined those successes by peddling and formalizing cryptocurrencies that evade those sanctions. With Trump's crypto project, America gets the worst of both worlds: ineffective financial sanctions that nevertheless weaken the dollar's centrality to the world, and the power that confers upon America.

The world relies on the dollar because it has to rely on something. There are hundreds of currencies in the world, and it's prohibitively expensive for exchange brokers to maintain deep reserves of all of those currencies so that any currency can be swapped for any other. Likewise, it is cumbersome and risky for transactions to rely on a chain of exchanges: if someone in Thailand can only buy oil from Norway by first trading Thai baht for Japanese yen, and then Australian dollars, and then euros, and then Norwegian kroner, they'll be bedeviled by shifting exchange rates, transaction fees, and, possibly, shady brokers who just take the money and run.

After WWII, when the great powers and middle powers were hammering out the global financial system, economists like John Maynard Keynes proposed an international supercurrency that would only be used to facilitate exchanges, but he was outmaneuvered by America's chief negotiator, Harry Dexter White, who insisted that the US dollar will fill that role:

https://profstevekeen.substack.com/p/this-is-the-end-of-the-us-global

So everyone uses the dollar, and because everyone uses the dollar, everyone has to use the dollar: the dollar enjoys "network effects," where the more parties there are who will accept it, the more valuable it becomes and the harder it is to find an alternative.

In my theory of enshittification, network effects are a powerful temptation to make a service worse. If you own a system with strong network effects, you can make it worse for all its users (and better for you) without risking your users' departure, because they are all holding each other hostage:

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/08/facebooks-secret-war-switching-costs

So it is with dollar weaponization. In order to use the dollar to settle transactions, parties must have access to systems that are directly under US government control (like a dollar account at the Federal Reserve), or are, practically speaking controlled by America (like the SWIFT system for moving money across borders). The fact that you have to use dollars, and you can't use dollars without the US government's say-so, means that the US can impose onerous terms on dollar users and not have to worry that they'll switch to another currency.

Farrell and Davies describe how, during the "high era" of globalization, US Treasury officials fought to insulate the dollar from control by the US security apparatus. Treasury officials understood that the dollar was a source of enormous US power and advantage, and they didn't want to risk all those benefits by beating up dollar users and tempting them to look elsewhere.

But ultimately, Treasury lost. This, too, is in accord with my theory of enshittification: once an institution locks in its users, the factions that want to make things worse will start winning the argument. This is exactly what happened to Google, when, having locked in search users, the company fell under control of its enshittifying faction, who oversaw a program that made search worse, so that you'd have to search repeatedly (and look at multiple screens' worth of ads) to get the answers you sought:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/04/24/naming-names/#prabhakar-raghavan

Google's anti-enshittification faction argued that making search worse was a betrayal of the company's mission. The pro-enshittification faction pointed out that lock-in meant that Google could make more money by betraying its mission without losing users, and they won the day. It's a lot easier to live your principles if you suffer when you betray them, and it's a lot easier to hold an institution to its principles if betraying those principles results in immediate penalties.

After 9/11, the US security apparatus demanded dollar weaponization: the Office of Foreign Asset Control bigfooted the international finance system, forcing them to spy on, report and block transactions the US disliked. The threat of being excluded from the dollar system was powerful: when one bank refused to stop doing business with North Korea, the US "designated" the bank as noncompliant, provoking a bank run. The rest of the world's banks fell into line.

The fact that the US could punish banks for actions that harmed American interests, even if the bank followed all the procedures required of it, encouraged banks to adopt a "zero risk" policy, where they made up policies that went well beyond America's rules, conducting even more surveillance, blocking even more transactions, and reporting even more activities than was required of them. All of this made participating in the dollar system steadily more costly, as dollar users had to pay for expensive compliance measures or risk the failure of key transactions, or exclusion from the dollar altogether.

Late in Obama's second term, officials sounded the alarm about the dollar becoming increasingly unattractive for international finance, and counseled a relaxation of the post-9/11 ratchet of ever-tighter rules for dollar users. But Trump's officials were totally disinterested in the long-term health of the dollar system, and pursued an even more aggressive policy of dollar weaponization during Trump's first term.

During Trump I, major blocs such as the EU began to formally prepare dollar alternatives and to formulate an "anti-coercion instrument." The anti-coercion instrument is an agreement among EU states to retaliate together in the event that the US (or some other country) used the dollar (or some other currency) to interfere in internal EU matters:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Coercion_Instrument

(The anti-coercion instrument has never been used, but it was almost invoked last week over Trump's threat to steal Greenland):

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/eu-anti-coercion-instrument-greenland-trump-b2903998.html

The Biden years seemed to signal a return to normalcy – the US might continue to weaponize the dollar, but they would at least pretend that they were playing fair. In Kelly's formulation, they'd actually play the rigged poker-game, rather than just taking everyone's chips and flipping over the table, the way Trump liked to do.

But Biden also seemingly couldn't help himself, and his administration pursued a much blunter program of dollar weaponization than pre-Trump presidents. In particular, Biden's sanctions on Putin, his aligned oligarchs, and the Russian state were far more aggressive than anything any president (including Trump I) had ever done with the dollar.

Farrell and Davies write that:

Informal conversations with Biden officials suggest that they had noticed that, despite Trump’s actions, other countries had not moved away from the US dollar. Therefore, the Biden administration felt the US had greater leeway to use sanctions.

In other words, the fact that enshittification produced no downside for the institution meant that its pro-enshittification factions kept winning the argument, and engaged in ever more severe forms of enshittification.

The EU wasn't alone in worrying about US financial coercion. While China maintains much of its own transaction processing infrastructure, it is still very exposed to the dollar system, prompting it to take measures for retaliation and alternatives if the US overstepped.

Meanwhile, the increasing controls and costs of using the dollar drove many parties to cryptocurrencies. Some were criminals whom dollar weaponization was supposed to harass, but many were just innocent bystanders, dolphins caught in the tuna net (think of American relatives of Russians who wanted to send their families money for food, rent, or even a plane ticket out of Russia).

Biden responded to the growing use of crypto to evade dollar rules with regulations to bring crypto under tighter control, for example, by classing crypto as a security and subjecting it to financial regulation. The Biden administration's rules for banks that offered crypto services and trading made handling crypto so expensive that most banks just gave up on it altogether.

Crypto boosters used this response to campaign against Biden and for Trump, accusing Biden of "strangling" crypto and "debanking" its users. Trump won a second presidency, in part thanks to billions in dark money from crypto insiders (many of whom Trump went on to pardon for money-laundering convictions carrying heavy fines and long prison sentences).

At the outset of the second Trump presidency, Trump relied on tariffs, rather than dollar weaponization, to push the world around. As Farrell and Davies write, Trump gave speeches where he recognized the danger of squeezing dollar users too hard:

The problem with … sanctions … [is that] ultimately it kills your dollar and it kills everything the dollar represents. … So I use sanctions very powerfully against countries that deserve it, and then I take them off. Because, look, you’re losing Iran. You’re losing Russia. China is out there trying to get their currency to be the dominant currency as you know better than anybody. … So I want to use sanctions as little as possible.

Trump thinks that using sanctions is fine, provided that then he "take[s] them off." This has resulted in the trademark Trump chaos of announced and rescinded and reimposed sanctions – against Chinese refineries, a Yemeni bank, the International Criminal Court, and the nation of Colombia.

It's possible that this is less onerous than permanent (or at least, long-term) sanctions, but not by much. If no one can be sure that they'll be able to use the dollar tomorrow – even if they might be able to use it again the day after – there's far more pressure to find dollar alternatives.

Meanwhile, Farrell and Davies observe that:

[Trump is] more willing to impose sanctions on allies, since they are less able to defect from the dollar than neutrals and rivals, and less likely to act against crypto even though it facilitates sanctions evasion.

In other words, Trump's reserving his most destructive punishments for his friends, because his enemies are more likely to flee to China if he uses his most devastating attacks on them.

This is a very interesting observation, especially in light of Canada's announcement that it is leaving the American sphere of influence to become a neutral party with many alliances, including with China. If Farrell and Davies are right, this might mean that Canada will be less likely to face sanctions in the future than it risked when it was formally allied with the USA.

Meanwhile, Trump's indiscriminate use of tariffs is steadily worsening the American domestic situation, driving up prices:

https://fortune.com/2026/01/21/amazon-price-hikes-tariffs-2026-andy-jassy-davos/

Farrell and Davies predict that this will drive Trump to switch from using tariffs to using sanctions (after all, Trump's executive function has always been terrible, and it's only declined as his white matter disease has progressed). The EU is getting ready for this by finalizing the "Digital Euro." If Trump responds to this with more sanctions, it will only hasten the world's switch away from the dollar.

The authors call this a "positive feedback loop" (despite the word "positive," that's not a good thing – a positive feedback loop causes a system to keep on speeding up until it is shaken to pieces). The EU has good reasons to escape the dollar. The US has good reasons to fight the EU's escape. Everything the US does to punish the EU for trying to escape the dollar will make the EU want to escape the dollar even more.

The post-American era is being born around us, but when it comes to US "platforms" like the dollar (or even the transoceanic fiber links that all make landfall and interchange in the US), the expense and lock-in have left the world without any obvious and ready alternatives:

https://pluralistic.net/2025/11/26/difficult-multipolarism/#eurostack

But there's one post-American platform that's right there for the taking: a global collaboration to develop open, auditable, trustworthy alternatives to US tech, from administrative tools like Office365 to the firmware in tractors, cars, and medical equipment:

https://pluralistic.net/2026/01/01/39c3/#the-new-coalition

It's a project that the EU is actively pursuing:

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/big-bazooka-europe-could-hit-100000361.html

But I don't think they've yet grasped how crucial the project of getting off US tech is – not just because it's urgent, but because it's also tractable. While replacing the dollar is hamstrung by network effects, building a global software commons benefits from network effects. It starts strong, and gets better every time someone else joins it.

What's more: I suspect that a world that is already bound together with a common tech stack would have a much easier time coordinating resistance to dollar weaponization.


Hey look at this (permalink)



A shelf of leatherbound history books with a gilt-stamped series title, 'The World's Famous Events.'

Object permanence (permalink)

#20yrsago Universal DRM dystopia https://tarmle.livejournal.com/80182.html

#20yrsago Library’s one-year anniversary of lending video-games https://www.gamingtarget.com/article.php?artid=4941

#20yrsago UK music industry execs can’t talk straight about DRM https://web.archive.org/web/20060203090643/http://rock.thepodcastnetwork.com/2006/01/25/digital-music-the-industry-answers/

#20yrsago BBC report on UK gamers from 6-65 https://web.archive.org/web/20060207060943/http://crystaltips.typepad.com/wonderland/files/bbc_uk_games_research_2005.pdf

#20yrsago Norwegian ombudsman to review iTunes terms of service https://web.archive.org/web/20070208163427/http://forbrukerportalen.no/Artikler/2006/1138119849.71

#20yrsago Google Cache is legal https://web.archive.org/web/20060130212935/https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/archives/004344.php

#20yrsago NSA’s licensable patent portfolio https://web.archive.org/web/20060116103440/https://www.nsa.gov/techtrans/techt00002.cfm

#20yrsago Senators figure out the Broadcast Flag, curse it as an abomination! https://web.archive.org/web/20060130212403/https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/archives/004343.php

#20yrsago HOWTO turn a disposable camera into an RFID-killer https://events.ccc.de/congress/2005/wiki/RFID-Zapper(EN)

#20yrsago World of Warcraft: Don’t tell anyone you’re queer https://web.archive.org/web/20060131191638/http://www.innewsweekly.com/innews/?class_code=Ga&article_code=1172

#15yrsago PirateBox: anonymous, stand-alone wireless filesharing node https://web.archive.org/web/20110129205033/http://wiki.daviddarts.com/PirateBox

#15yrsago Where antibiotic resistant superbugs come from: biology explained at a “3d grade reading level” https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/development-of-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-over-time-v8-web/6712973

#15yrsago Provocative metaphor for the Irish bailout https://memex.naughtons.org/how-a-bail-out-works/12877/

#15yrsago Douglas Adams’ online encylopedia tries to buy itself back from the BBC https://web.archive.org/web/20110127104628/https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/brunel/A80173361

#15yrsago Ebert: 3D movies suck https://web.archive.org/web/20110131232913/http://blogs.suntimes.com/ebert/2011/01/post_4.html

#15yrsago Anti-capitalist rumba rave in a Spanish bank https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wv5dh8v7mDs

#15yrsago Meet Obama’s new Solicitor General: the copyright industry’s Donald Verrilli Jr https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2011/01/obama-nominates-former-riaa-lawyer-for-solicitor-general-spot/

#10yrsago The story of magic: how narrative destroys conjurers’ effects, or elevates them to transcendence https://www.thejerx.com/blog/2016/1/23/dqwn4rocxdovl0dqcqymdhekzmuzq4

#10yrsago Majority of UK booze-industry revenues come from problem drinkers https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/jan/22/problem-drinkers-alcohol-industry-most-sales-figures-reveal

#10yrsago Oklahoma’s repeat-offender Republican Creationist lawmakers take another run at science education https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/01/this-years-first-batch-of-anti-science-education-bills-surface-in-oklahoma/

#10yrsago You can’t “boost” your immune system with “health food,” nor would you want to https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/jan/24/health-foods-immune-system-colds-vitamins

#10yrsago Stop taking “probiotics” https://www.statnews.com/2016/01/21/probiotics-shaky-science/

#10yrsago Swiss pro-privacy email provider forces a referendum on mass surveillance https://web.archive.org/web/20160125153009/https://theintercept.com/2016/01/25/how-a-small-company-in-switzerland-is-fighting-a-surveillance-law-and-winning/

#10yrsago Howto social-engineer someone’s address and other sensitive info from Amazon https://medium.com/@espringe/amazon-s-customer-service-backdoor-be375b3428c4#.jkx7fwbqv

#10yrsago Uptown Funk as a mashup of 66 classic movie dance routines https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1F0lBnsnkE

#10yrsago Starve: the best, meanest new graphic novel debut since Transmetropolitan https://memex.craphound.com/2016/01/25/starve-the-best-meanest-new-graphic-novel-debut-since-transmetropolitan/

#10yrsago Fury Road is still comprehensible at 12x speed https://vashivisuals.com/the-fastest_cut/

#10yrsago Police sergeant: 16 year old girl probably saw penises before I showed her mine, NBD https://www.wcvb.com/article/bpd-sergeant-may-plead-guilty-job-on-the-line/8230846

#10yrsago Chinese snatch-squads roam the globe, kidnapping dissidents and critics https://web.archive.org/web/20160416214222/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/pursuing-critics-china-reaches-across-borders-and-nobody-is-stopping-it/2016/01/26/cd4959dc-6793-473f-8b74-6cbac3f46422_story.html?postshare=7221453857631693&tid=ss_tw

#10yrsago Shootout in Oregon: one terrorist killed, eight arrested https://www.cnn.com/2016/01/26/us/oregon-wildlife-refuge-siege-arrests/index.html

#10yrsago Health insurer loses 1m customers’ health records https://web.archive.org/web/20170224042328/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=130443&p=irol-newsArticle_Print&ID=2132066

#10yrsago All your booze comes from a handful of titanic global corporations https://www.eater.com/drinks/2016/1/26/10830410/liquor-brands-hierarchy-diageo-beam-suntory-pernod-ricard

#10yrsago Man gasps dying words into officer’s bodycam: “They’re killing me right now… I can’t breathe.” https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2016/01/body-cam-captures-mans-final-words-begging-the-cops-to-get-off-of-him/

#10yrsago Help wanted: Burning Man’s Chief Fed https://web.archive.org/web/20160205123132/https://www.usajobs.gov/GetJob/ViewDetails/426715200

#5yrsago Goldman CEO gets $17.5m reward for $4.5b fraud https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/27/viral-colonialism/#failing-up

#5yrsago Facebook champions (its own) privacy https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/27/viral-colonialism/#ico-schtum

#5yrsago Casino mogul steals First Nation's vaccine https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/27/viral-colonialism/#seriously-fuck-that-guy

#5yrsago Plute buys mayor's house and serves eviction papers https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/25/money-is-power/#money-is-power

#5yrsago Trump's swamp gators find corporate refuge https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/24/1a/#gator-park

#5yrsago Stop saying "it's not censorship if it's not the government" https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/24/1a/#talk-hard

#1yrago The first days of Boss Politics Antitrust https://pluralistic.net/2025/01/24/enforcement-priorities/#enemies-lists

#1yrago It's not a crime if we do it with an app pluralistic.net/2025/01/25/potatotrac/#carbo-loading

#1yrago It's pretty easy to cut $2 trillion from the federal budget, actually https://pluralistic.net/2025/01/27/beltway-bandits/#henhouse-foxes

#20yrsago Danny O’Brien’s Open Source con presentation on Evil https://www.spesh.com/danny/talks/evil/

#20yrsago Can DRM be future-proof? https://blog.citp.princeton.edu/2006/01/28/cd-drm-compatibility-and-software-updates/

#15yrsago Francis Ford Coppola, copyfighter https://web.archive.org/web/20110125035605/http://the99percent.com/articles/6973/Francis-Ford-Coppola-On-Risk-Money-Craft-Collaboration

#15yrsago HOWTO make health-care cheaper by spending more on patients who need it https://web.archive.org/web/20140727223819/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/01/24/the-hot-spotters?currentPage=all

#15yrsago William Gibson on Stuxnet https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/27/opinion/27Gibson.html?_r=2&adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1296233597-MyRiudJI0Nso7Tm/YIw4yw

#10yrsago Guess who donated all the money to Black Americans for a Better Future Super PAC? Rich white men. https://web.archive.org/web/20160129001243/https://theintercept.com/2016/01/28/black-americans-for-a-better-future-super-pac-100-funded-by-rich-white-guys/

#10yrsago Bill Gates sold rights to the Tiananmen 1989 pictures to a Chinese company https://qz.com/601830/bill-gates-has-sold-a-set-of-iconic-images-to-a-beijing-firm-including-of-tiananmen-in-1989

#10yrsago Michael Moore: Flint needs a revolution, not bottled water https://web.archive.org/web/20160128161328/https://michaelmoore.com/DontSendBottledWater

#10yrsago The surveillance business model goes to war against the FTC https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/technology/267070-businesses-are-invading-your-privacy/

#10yrsago Florida mayors write to GOP presidential hopefuls demanding action on climate change https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/01/florida-mayors-to-rubio-were-going-under-take-climate-change-seriously/

#10yrsago The Onion’s new owner is Hillary Clinton’s most lavish financial backer https://web.archive.org/web/20160126213016/https://theintercept.com/2016/01/26/ha-ha-hillary-clintons-top-financial-supporter-now-controls-the-onion/

#10yrsago Microsoft billionaire Paul Allen wipes out coral reef with his superyacht https://caymannewsservice.com/2016/01/billionaire-boater-destroys-wb-reef/

#10yrsago Head of NSA’s hacker squad explains how to armor networks against the likes of him https://www.wired.com/2016/01/nsa-hacker-chief-explains-how-to-keep-him-out-of-your-system/

#10yrsago Anaheim: the happiest surveillance state on earth https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2016/01/city-cops-in-disneylands-backyard-have-had-stingray-on-steriods-for-years/

#5yrsago Knowledge is why you build your own apps https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/28/payment-for-order-flow/#knowledge-is-power

#5yrsago Understanding /r/wallstreetbets https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/28/payment-for-order-flow/#wallstreetbets

#5yrsago How apps steal your location https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/28/payment-for-order-flow/#trackers-tracked

#5yrsago Mexican indigenous telco wins spectrum fight https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/28/payment-for-order-flow/#tic-victory


Upcoming appearances (permalink)

A photo of me onstage, giving a speech, pounding the podium.



A screenshot of me at my desk, doing a livecast.

Recent appearances (permalink)



A grid of my books with Will Stahle covers..

Latest books (permalink)



A cardboard book box with the Macmillan logo.

Upcoming books (permalink)

  • "Unauthorized Bread": a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026

  • "Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It" (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026

  • "The Memex Method," Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026

  • "The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, June 2026



Colophon (permalink)

Today's top sources:

Currently writing: "The Post-American Internet," a sequel to "Enshittification," about the better world the rest of us get to have now that Trump has torched America (1019 words today, 14468 total)

  • "The Reverse Centaur's Guide to AI," a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. LEGAL REVIEW AND COPYEDIT COMPLETE.

  • "The Post-American Internet," a short book about internet policy in the age of Trumpism. PLANNING.

  • A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING


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